A mail questionnaire was used to collect information from
participants in Puerto Rican billfish fishing tournaments on
their characteristics, fishing habits, motivations and
attitudes, and expenditures for billfish fishing. The survey was
sent to 885 resident and 154 non-resident anglers who
participated in one of the 14 identified billfish tournaments
held in Puerto Rico between August, 1991 and October, 1992. The
survey was conducted by Texas A&M University and sponsored by
The Billfish Foundation, in cooperation with the Sport Fishing
Association of Puerto Rico, the International Billfish
Tournament of Club Nautico de San Juan, and the Sea Grant
College Program, University of Puerto Rico. A total of 347
questionnaires were completed and returned by Puerto Rican
resident anglers and 86 by non-resident anglers. After removing
non- deliverables, this results in an overall effective response
rate of 49%.Characteristics of
Resident Puerto Rican Billfish Tournament Anglers
| |
Most resident (97%)
anglers were male and averaged 40 years of age. They
were predominantly white (93%) and Hispanic (98%). |
| |
The median income
category was $70,000 - $79,999, with 24% reporting
incomes of $130,000 or more. Their median education
level was 4 years of college and 29% reported more than
4 years of college. |
| |
Over one-half of the
resident billfish tournament anglers had been saltwater
fishing for 16 years or more (average = 19 years), and
fishing for billfish specifically for 9 years or more
(average = 14 years). |
| |
Most (82%) rated fishing
as their most important outdoor activity. |
| |
The most preferred
species to catch were Blue Marlin, Dolphin and Sailfish,
respectively. Most (58%) anglers reported putting most
of their fishing effort into one particular species,
with Blue Marlin being listed most often. |
| |
Resident Puerto Rican
billfish tournament anglers reported an average of 43
days fishing (median = 35) in the previous 12 months. |
| |
When asked to list the
two most critical issues facing the recreational
billfish fishery in Puerto Rico, the overwhelmingly most
commonly identified issue was commercial fishermen. This
was followed by pollution and people not obeying
laws/lack of law enforcement. |
| |
Most (79%) anglers
reported that someone in their household owns one or
more power boats, with an average length of 34 feet. |
| |
Less than one-half (42%)
of Puerto Rican billfish tournament anglers are not
members of either TBF or IGFA. |
Puerto Rican Trip Characteristics
| |
One-half of the anglers
spent 15 or more (average = 21 trips) fishing trips
specifically targeting billfish, with a median of 2 days
spent fishing on each trip. |
| |
A median of 3 (average =
7) days of fishing were required to boat a billfish.
One-half of the anglers reported 3 or more trips
(average = 5) on which they brought at least one
billfish to the boat. |
| |
Puerto Rican billfish
tournament anglers brought an average of 2 billfish to
the dock during the previous 12 months. |
| |
When fishing for
billfish, anglers spent 8 hours with a median of 4 lines
(rods) in the water each day. |
| |
Over one-third (39%) of
anglers reported fishing for billfish outside of Puerto
Rico during the previous 12 months. Of those who did
fish outside Puerto Rico, one-half reported 6 or more
(average = 14) days of billfish fishing outside Puerto
Rico. The most frequently listed destinations were Costa
Rica, Mexico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. |
Billfish Anglers' Opinions on Management Issues
| |
Less than one-half (45%)
of the angler were opposed to seasonal closures for
billfish anglers. However, most (63%) were opposed to
area closures and 36% reported they would stop fishing
for billfish completely if area closures were
implemented. |
| |
Most (84%) angler were
opposed to allowing handlining and harpooning of
billfish for recreational purposes. |
| |
Nearly one-third (30%) of
angler supported the option of catch and release fishing
only (Zero Bag Limit) for billfish, while another 31%
reported they would stop fishing for billfish if catch
and release only fishing was implemented. |
| |
Most (73%) of the anglers
reported that they subscribed to fishing or boating
magazines. The most frequently mentioned magazine being
Marlin Magazine. |
Economics of Billfish Fishing
| |
Billfish tournament
anglers spent and average of $652 on their last fishing
trip specifically targeting billfish. Non-resident
billfish anglers spent more (average = $2579) than did
resident anglers (average = $516) |
| |
The highest expenditures
were reported in the areas of boat operation, entrance
fees, and lodging. Anglers reported a willingness to pay
an additional $305 per trip before they would stop
fishing for billfish. |
| |
Angler's estimated annual
expenditures for Puerto Rican billfish fishing trips
totals over $21.5 million. Annual consumer's surplus
estimates total $16.3 million, resulting in a total
value of nearly $37.9 million. |
Billfish Tournament Activity in Puerto Rico
| |
Anglers spent an average
of $1134 on tournament entry fees in Puerto Rico in the
past year, divide this by and average of 4.7 Puerto
Rican tournaments per angler last year and we find an
average of $241/tournament, not including calcuttas. |
| |
One-half of the anglers
fished in 5 or more saltwater fishing tournaments
(average = 5.7) in the past 12 years. Most of these
tournaments were for billfish in Puerto Rico, with
angler reporting a median of 4 (average = 4.7) billfish
tournaments in Puerto Rico in previous 12 months. |
| |
During their most recent
tournament in Puerto Rico, anglers fished for an average
of 2.6 days, for just over 9 hours each day. |
| |
During this tournament,
angler reported being most interested in catching Blue
Marlin (89%), Sailfish (26%), and White Marlin (22%). |
| |
Anglers had an average of
1 hookup each day of fishing. Their boat tagged and
released an average of 2 billfish over the course of the
tournament. |
La Importancia
Economica de la Pesca Recreativa de Agujas en Puerto Rico
Donald J. Clark, Robert
B. Ditton and Ruperto Chaparro
El Federal Fishery Plan for Atlantic
Billfishes (FMP) [Plan Federal para el Manejo de las Pesquer¡as
(PFMP)] de agujas del Atlantico proh¡be la venta de cuatro
especies de agujas, con la intencion de dejar esta pesca para
uso recreativo exclusivamente. Este plan tiene como proposito el
mantener la mayor cantidad de agujas para los pescadores
recreativos. Sin embargo, todav¡a se sabe poco sobre los
aspectos sociales y economicos de dicha pesca. Para ello, se
efectuo una encuesta por correo sobre los torneos de pesca
recreativa de agujas en Puerto Rico; tomando una muestra de 885
residentes y de 154 no-residentes. La muestra tomada al azar, se
extrajo de una lista de participantes de 14 torneos de pesca de
agujas efectuados en la isla.
Se le pregunto a los pescadores sobre
su participacion en la pesca de agujas durante torneos y fuera
de ellos, en Puerto Rico y otros pa¡ses. Los gastos de bienes y
servicios no- duraderos fueron significativamente diferentes
entre pescadores residentes y no-residentes. Los gastos
relacionados a los viajes de pesca de agujas en Puerto Rico
promediaron $700 / persona / viaje para los residentes y cerca
de $4,000 / persona / viaje para los no-residentes.
El excedente anual de consumidor
promedio $11,135. El valor economico total de la pesca de agujas
en Puerto Rico (gastos + excedente de consumidor) fue estimado
en $44 millones. El impacto economico de los pescadores de
agujas no-residentes a la econom¡a de Puerto Rico fue estimado
en $4.3 millones y fue responsable de crear 170 empleos.
El valor economico de la pesca de
agujas a la econom¡a de Puerto Rico sugiere la necesidad de
establecer un plan cont¡nuo de proteccion, una mayor aplicacion
de la ley y programas educativos que promuevan la pesca y la
t‚cnica de captura y liberacion, mejor conocida como "catch &
release". Las implicaciones para el manejo de agujas en las
regiones del Golfo y del Caribe se discutir n a continuacion. |
|