Billfish Tournament Angler Survey in Puerto Rico

Robert B. Ditton and Donald J. Clark


A mail questionnaire was used to collect information from participants in Puerto Rican billfish fishing tournaments on their characteristics, fishing habits, motivations and attitudes, and expenditures for billfish fishing. The survey was sent to 885 resident and 154 non-resident anglers who participated in one of the 14 identified billfish tournaments held in Puerto Rico between August, 1991 and October, 1992. The survey was conducted by Texas A&M University and sponsored by The Billfish Foundation, in cooperation with the Sport Fishing Association of Puerto Rico, the International Billfish Tournament of Club Nautico de San Juan, and the Sea Grant College Program, University of Puerto Rico. A total of 347 questionnaires were completed and returned by Puerto Rican resident anglers and 86 by non-resident anglers. After removing non- deliverables, this results in an overall effective response rate of 49%.
Characteristics of Resident Puerto Rican Billfish Tournament Anglers
 

Most resident (97%) anglers were male and averaged 40 years of age. They were predominantly white (93%) and Hispanic (98%).

 

The median income category was $70,000 - $79,999, with 24% reporting incomes of $130,000 or more. Their median education level was 4 years of college and 29% reported more than 4 years of college.

 

Over one-half of the resident billfish tournament anglers had been saltwater fishing for 16 years or more (average = 19 years), and fishing for billfish specifically for 9 years or more (average = 14 years).

 

Most (82%) rated fishing as their most important outdoor activity.

 

The most preferred species to catch were Blue Marlin, Dolphin and Sailfish, respectively. Most (58%) anglers reported putting most of their fishing effort into one particular species, with Blue Marlin being listed most often.

 

Resident Puerto Rican billfish tournament anglers reported an average of 43 days fishing (median = 35) in the previous 12 months.

 

When asked to list the two most critical issues facing the recreational billfish fishery in Puerto Rico, the overwhelmingly most commonly identified issue was commercial fishermen. This was followed by pollution and people not obeying laws/lack of law enforcement.

 

Most (79%) anglers reported that someone in their household owns one or more power boats, with an average length of 34 feet.

 

Less than one-half (42%) of Puerto Rican billfish tournament anglers are not members of either TBF or IGFA.

Puerto Rican Trip Characteristics
 

One-half of the anglers spent 15 or more (average = 21 trips) fishing trips specifically targeting billfish, with a median of 2 days spent fishing on each trip.

 

A median of 3 (average = 7) days of fishing were required to boat a billfish. One-half of the anglers reported 3 or more trips (average = 5) on which they brought at least one billfish to the boat.

 

Puerto Rican billfish tournament anglers brought an average of 2 billfish to the dock during the previous 12 months.

 

When fishing for billfish, anglers spent 8 hours with a median of 4 lines (rods) in the water each day.

 

Over one-third (39%) of anglers reported fishing for billfish outside of Puerto Rico during the previous 12 months. Of those who did fish outside Puerto Rico, one-half reported 6 or more (average = 14) days of billfish fishing outside Puerto Rico. The most frequently listed destinations were Costa Rica, Mexico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

Billfish Anglers' Opinions on Management Issues
 

Less than one-half (45%) of the angler were opposed to seasonal closures for billfish anglers. However, most (63%) were opposed to area closures and 36% reported they would stop fishing for billfish completely if area closures were implemented.

 

Most (84%) angler were opposed to allowing handlining and harpooning of billfish for recreational purposes.

 

Nearly one-third (30%) of angler supported the option of catch and release fishing only (Zero Bag Limit) for billfish, while another 31% reported they would stop fishing for billfish if catch and release only fishing was implemented.

 

Most (73%) of the anglers reported that they subscribed to fishing or boating magazines. The most frequently mentioned magazine being Marlin Magazine.

Economics of Billfish Fishing
 

Billfish tournament anglers spent and average of $652 on their last fishing trip specifically targeting billfish. Non-resident billfish anglers spent more (average = $2579) than did resident anglers (average = $516)

 

The highest expenditures were reported in the areas of boat operation, entrance fees, and lodging. Anglers reported a willingness to pay an additional $305 per trip before they would stop fishing for billfish.

 

Angler's estimated annual expenditures for Puerto Rican billfish fishing trips totals over $21.5 million. Annual consumer's surplus estimates total $16.3 million, resulting in a total value of nearly $37.9 million.

Billfish Tournament Activity in Puerto Rico
 

Anglers spent an average of $1134 on tournament entry fees in Puerto Rico in the past year, divide this by and average of 4.7 Puerto Rican tournaments per angler last year and we find an average of $241/tournament, not including calcuttas.

 

One-half of the anglers fished in 5 or more saltwater fishing tournaments (average = 5.7) in the past 12 years. Most of these tournaments were for billfish in Puerto Rico, with angler reporting a median of 4 (average = 4.7) billfish tournaments in Puerto Rico in previous 12 months.

 

During their most recent tournament in Puerto Rico, anglers fished for an average of 2.6 days, for just over 9 hours each day.

 

During this tournament, angler reported being most interested in catching Blue Marlin (89%), Sailfish (26%), and White Marlin (22%).

 

Anglers had an average of 1 hookup each day of fishing. Their boat tagged and released an average of 2 billfish over the course of the tournament.

 

La Importancia Economica de la Pesca Recreativa de Agujas en Puerto Rico

Donald J. Clark, Robert B. Ditton and Ruperto Chaparro

El Federal Fishery Plan for Atlantic Billfishes (FMP) [Plan Federal para el Manejo de las Pesquer¡as (PFMP)] de agujas del Atlantico proh¡be la venta de cuatro especies de agujas, con la intencion de dejar esta pesca para uso recreativo exclusivamente. Este plan tiene como proposito el mantener la mayor cantidad de agujas para los pescadores recreativos. Sin embargo, todav¡a se sabe poco sobre los aspectos sociales y economicos de dicha pesca. Para ello, se efectuo una encuesta por correo sobre los torneos de pesca recreativa de agujas en Puerto Rico; tomando una muestra de 885 residentes y de 154 no-residentes. La muestra tomada al azar, se extrajo de una lista de participantes de 14 torneos de pesca de agujas efectuados en la isla.

Se le pregunto a los pescadores sobre su participacion en la pesca de agujas durante torneos y fuera de ellos, en Puerto Rico y otros pa¡ses. Los gastos de bienes y servicios no- duraderos fueron significativamente diferentes entre pescadores residentes y no-residentes. Los gastos relacionados a los viajes de pesca de agujas en Puerto Rico promediaron $700 / persona / viaje para los residentes y cerca de $4,000 / persona / viaje para los no-residentes.

El excedente anual de consumidor promedio $11,135. El valor economico total de la pesca de agujas en Puerto Rico (gastos + excedente de consumidor) fue estimado en $44 millones. El impacto economico de los pescadores de agujas no-residentes a la econom¡a de Puerto Rico fue estimado en $4.3 millones y fue responsable de crear 170 empleos.

El valor economico de la pesca de agujas a la econom¡a de Puerto Rico sugiere la necesidad de establecer un plan cont¡nuo de proteccion, una mayor aplicacion de la ley y programas educativos que promuevan la pesca y la t‚cnica de captura y liberacion, mejor conocida como "catch & release". Las implicaciones para el manejo de agujas en las regiones del Golfo y del Caribe se discutir n a continuacion.